Shanghai: Lessons in Urban Regeneration and Heritage Conservation
21 April 2018
10.00am – 12.00pm. Registration from 9.30am, seated by 10.00am
URA Function Hall
2 BOA-SIA CPD pts, 2 SILA CPD pts
Resources
Lecture Poster (PDF: 134KB)
Lecture Report (PDF: 845KB)
Lecture Transcript (PDF: 1.15MB)
Lecture Video & Photos
Shanghai’s skyline is made up of modern tall buildings juxtaposed against historic streets. Source: xinwen, qq
Dr Wang shared several notable examples in Shanghai to illustrate conservation ideas. Source: The Centre for Liveable Cities
The lecture attracted a vast range of audience keen to learn about Shanghai’s conservation methods. Source: The Centre for Liveable Cities
After her lecture, URA’s Conservation Director Kelvin Ang moderated a lively discussion. Source: The Centre for Liveable Cities
The audience enjoyed a hearty and candid discussion with Dr Wang. Source: The Centre for Liveable Cities
Synopsis
Shanghai has transformed into a liveable city where past and present thrive. How has Shanghai achieved this, and what principles will guide its future development?
Lecture Report
Heritage preservation and economic regeneration can work hand in hand for
better urban outcomes. This was the case put forth by Dr Wang Lin at her CLC
lecture on 21 April 2018. The architecture professor from the Shanghai Jiao
Tong University drew on her experience of working in Shanghai’s planning
authority to demonstrate how the city has kept heritage areas in the everyday
fabric of city life.
“If we preserve where we should preserve, we can build something new.
Regeneration and conservation can be combined to make a better life for the
future,” she said. “We preserve culture, the building, but we also need to meet
the needs of the future.”
Today, Shanghai has defined more than 40 historical areas, including one third
of its central downtown. These include the old Shanghai town area, the Bund
and the Hensan-Fuxin area. The last two were British and French concessions
in the 19th century respectively, and both have been readapted for modern
use. Besides drawing up historic areas and designating individual buildings
for preservation, the Shanghai authorities also define how these areas are regenerated and redeveloped through planning and project permissions for
new developments.
“I always say conservation and
regeneration [are] the same issue.”
- Dr Wang Lin, Professor, Architecture Department,
Design School, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Such strategies and policies are vital to address any conflicts that arise from
having conservation and regeneration, explains Dr Wang. In Shanghai, the
authorities have also developed detailed guidelines over the last two decades
to ensure conservation adds to the experience of the city. Besides defining
zoning requirements for the rates of floor areas, building coverage and
development heights, conservation and urban design guidelines provide for
setbacks from the streets, building scale, texture, colour and material as well
as pedestrian access.
“We pay attention to the landscape, not only individual buildings,” she said.
More than 150 streets in Shanghai have been defined as historic and road
widening is restricted in these areas so as to preserve a human scale and
historic memory. “Historic streets are important for the image of the city. For
most people, it’s not about individual buildings. If you walk [on the street, it’s
about] the scale [of developments], the texture of the streets. If you destroy
historic streets, you destroy the landscape of these areas.”
Managing the Impact of Regeneration
As part of the conservation process, it is important to work with relevant
stakeholders such as government agencies and the community of a place. Dr
Wang shared how the government garnered public feedback that shaped the
design of the Bund tunnel and the Suzhou Creek warehouses. The latter even
won a UNESCO Asia-Pacific Heritage Ward for Cultural Heritage Conservation
in 2004.
The Tianzifang area is another example where a lighter touch from the
authorities and community involvement became an effective strategy for
conservation. The area comprising of traditional residential layout known
as linong, saw an influx of artists and other creatives in the early 2000s.
While older residents favoured redevelopment, the establishment of new
creative industries in the area gave the authorities pause. They allowed
the local community to evolve new uses for the area. Today, Tianzifang is a
bustling arts and culture enclave. But the area has also become gentrified
and commercialised, and the authorities have yet to figure a solution for the
overcrowding.
When asked about the impacts of tourism on historic areas during the
dialogue session, Dr Wang said tourism is always at odds with historic
preservation. “[B]ut generally speaking, when you preserve a building, and a lot of people take note of it, maybe that’s a way to educate people,”
she said. One example of managing this is the Forbidden Palace in Beijing,
where access is controlled through registrations and scheduling for better
visitor experiences.
Dr Wang also touched on the need to conserve a city’s industrial heritage,
such as how a former steel plant was re-adapted into the Shanghai Academy
of Fine Arts building. She added that cities should preserve residential areas
and locations where there are strong social memories too.
“We preserve some things not only for their beauty, but also because
[they relate] to the memories of a group of people,” she said.
Written by (Author). This report first appeared in the
May 2018 Better Cities newsletter.
About the Speakers
SPEAKER
Dr Wang Lin
Professor,
Architecture Department,
Design School,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Wang Lin is a Professor in the Architecture Department at Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, a researcher of China Urban Governance Institute, and
the Director of the Center for Urban Studies focusing on regeneration,
preservation and innovation of cities. She has played key roles in urban
planning, including the Master Planning of Shanghai, strategy planning
of the Shanghai metropolitan area and the redevelopment of Shanghai
waterfronts and conservation planning of Shanghai historical areas.
MODERATOR
Kelvin Ang
Director,
Conservation Department (Conservation Management),
Urban Redevelopment Authority
Kelvin Ang has over a decade of experience in architecture and
conservation at the URA. URA is Singapore’s national planning, land
use and building conservation authority. He has led a multidisciplinary
team to deliver several conservation projects including the gazette of
over 700 buildings since 2003. His portfolio includes public education
and partnership programmes, overseeing Place Management efforts
and enforcement work.